Gay Men Born Gay Essay Example for Free

Gay Men Born Gay Essay Gay men often claim that even as children they knew they were somehow different from other boys. Many say that sense even preceded puberty. And yet, though researchers have tried for decades to identify a biological basis for homosexuality which seems to be present in all human societies they have mostly come up dry. Tantalizing clues have surfaced: gays are more likely to be left-handed, for instance. But in the end, there has been little proof that biology is sexual destiny. Now new research offers evidence that there may indeed be a physiological basis for sexual orientation. In a study of 41 brains taken from people who died before age 60, Simon LeVay, a biologist at San Diegos Salk Institute for Biological Studies, found that one tiny region in the brain of homosexual men was more like that in women than that in heterosexual men. Sexuality is an important part of who we are, notes LeVay, who is gay. And now we have a specific part of the brain to look at and to study. That specific part is found at the front of the hypothalamus in an area of the brain that is known to help regulate male sexual behavior. Within this site, LeVay looked at four different groupings of cells, technically referred to as the interstitial nuclei of the anterior hypothalamus, or INAH for short. Other researchers had already reported that INAH 2 and 3 were larger in men than in women. LeVay hypothesized that one or both of them might vary with sexual orientation as well. Routine autopsies provided the tissue LeVay needed. All 19 homosexual men had died of AIDS. So had six of the 16 presumed heterosexual men and one of the six women. Although LeVay hoped to include lesbians in his study, he was unable to obtain brains from women identified as such. After careful examination of the brain samples, he found that the INAH-3 areas of most of the women and homosexual men were about the same size. In straight men this region was on average twice as large or about the size of a grain of sand. In the past, much research on sexual orientation has focused on the role of interpersonal relationships in early childhood. Psychological literature is replete with material suggesting that male homosexuality is triggered by relationships with an overly protective mother or with a distant, even hostile father. Here is a whole other way of looking at the question, says LeVay. These children may already be determined to become homosexual or heterosexual. The development plan that is laid out for them may be what causes them to develop certain troubled relationships with their parents. LeVays findings are certain to trigger a good deal of controversy. Many technical aspects of the study are subject to question, as the author concedes. He cannot be certain, for instance, that all the heterosexual men in the control group were heterosexual. And since the AIDS virus attacks the brain, the size difference could be an artifact of the disease. It is also possible that the difference actually has nothing to do with sexual orientation or that it is the result rather than the cause of homosexuality. (2 of 3) My freshman biology students know enough to sink this study, declares Anne Fausto-Sterling, professor of medical science at Brown University. Others are more receptive to LeVays work. It makes sense, says Laura Allen, a neuroanatomist at the University of California, Los Angeles. Finding a difference in the INAH, which influences male sexual behavior, is what one would expect. The finding also has social implications. People who believe that sexual orientation is a choice help legitimize discrimination against homosexuals, says Melissa Hines, a UCLA psychologist. But if it is immutable, or partly so, then that argues for legal protections. The new study is the second to find some sort of difference between the hypothalami of gay and straight men. Last year a Dutch research team discovered that another group of neurons in this tiny gland is larger in homosexual than in straight men. But some scientists believe this structure governs daily rhythms rather than sexual behavior, so it is difficult to see any significance in the finding. Investigations of right- and left-handedness have also provided evidence of a physiological distinction. Sandra Witelson, a professor of psychiatry at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ont. , has found more left-handers among homosexual women in her studies than among heterosexual women. Others have made the same observation among men. Since hand preference may be determined in part by the influence of sex hormones on the brain during gestation, Witelson believes these early hormonal influences could also play a role in sexual orientation. Animal studies provide a good deal of evidence for a biological basis of sexual orientation. Through careful manipulation of hormone levels in newborn rats, Roger Gorski, a neuroendocrinologist at UCLA, has been able to produce male rodents that demonstrate feminine behavior. Other researchers, working with mice, have noted that female fetuses that develop between two male fetuses in a litter appear to be masculinized to some degree by their brothers testosterone. They look more like males than females, mature more slowly, have fewer reproductive cycles as adults and are less attractive to male mice. In many species, particularly among mammals, homosexual-like activity is an integral part of social interaction. As any cattle rancher can attest, cows frequently mount each other. Apparently this ensures that all the females coordinate their reproductive cycles and then produce their calves at the same time. Female rhesus monkeys mount other females as a way of establishing a dominant rank in their troops hierarchy. (3 of 3) Researchers estimate that a third of American males experiment sexually with each other during their teen years, even though approximately 9 out of 10 eventually settle into relationships with girls. But both men and women may switch gears later on or be bisexual throughout life. There are some people in whom sexual orientation does not maintain itself, says June Reinisch, director of the Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender and Reproduction at Indiana University. Its not a matter of what they prefer; its whom they fall in love with. She cites the example of a woman who fell in love with and was married to a man for 10 years, then at the age of 30 fell in love with a woman and spent 11 years in that relationship, and at 41 fell in love with a man. Clearly, even if sexual orientation does have a biological basis in the brain, it is not necessarily fixed. All of us believe that genetic and hormonal influences are involved in homosexuality, says Reinisch, but theres also an interaction with the environment. Over the years much research on homosexuality has been motivated by a desire to eradicate the behavior rather than understand, let alone celebrate, diversity.

John F. Kennedy Essay -- essays research papers

John F. Kennedy   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Though John F. Kennedy was only president for a short time, he inspired American patriotism and united a nation behind a common goal for peace. Kennedy was an influential man and a great leader. His faith was tested by the obstacles he had to overcome, but President Kennedy always lead his country with dignity and pride.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  John Fitzgerald Kennedy was born on May 29, 1917 in Brookline, Massachusetts. Known as â€Å"Jack†, he was the second child born to Joseph and Rose Kennedy. Jack was named after his grandfather, John Francis Fitzgerald. He had an older brother named Joe Jr.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When Jack was one year old, his sister Rosemary was born. She was mentally retarded. Joseph and Rose later had six more children, Kathleen, Eunice, Patricia, Robert, Jean, and Teddy (Weidman 1). Jack was very sick as a child. At age three, he became seriously ill with Scarlet Fever. He remained in recovery for three months. Jack constantly suffered from allergies, colds or bronchitis. When he was ten, the Kennedys moved to Bronksville, New York to escape religious prejudice. They were Irish Roman Catholics and had faced many hardships because of their religion in Massachusetts. During this time he attended Riverdale Country Day School.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During his childhood years, Jack felt overshadowed by his older brother Joe. They constantly competed with one another. Whether it was sports or school, Jack and Joe always tried to outdo one another. They once had a bicycle race and collided at the finish line. Joe came out Hamner 2 without a scratch while Jack needed twenty-eight stitches.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jack became interested in politics at a young age. He and his family would discuss world events every evening at dinner. Jack learned a lot about politics from his grandfather John Fitzgerald. He was a famous lawyer and politician from Boston. Jack listened to his political speeches and attended political rallies. He also went with his grandfather as he campaigned. Jack read the newspaper everyday and many books dealing with history.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When Jack turned fourteen, he followed his older brother to Choate School for Boys in Wallingford, Connecticut. There he participated in many sports. Still, his allergies and other sicknes... ...focused on Jacqueline Kennedy. Still, she never faltered and her dignity was majestic. With her children in hand, she kissed the flag that was draped over her husband’s coffin. The next day, the president was buried in Arlington National Cemetery. As the coffin passed by the family, three-year-old John-John raised his right hand and saluted his father. That single image was stamped in the minds of all Americans.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the days after the funeral, there were many unanswered questions. A book was written called The Warren Affair that described in detail how Lee Harvey Oswald might have shot the president. The investigations never ceased, as an accurate answer is still yet to be found (Stein 1-29). Hamner 8   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  John F. Kennedy was a president that will always be remembered for his dedication and devotion to the United States of America. He believed that the forces that bring people together are much stronger than those that divide them. President Kennedy has gone down in history as being a president who never lost hope in his country.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Research approach

Evidence and structure are the keys to constructing a convincing and logical argument in support of the idea, insight, contention or recommendation you want to make. In today's business environment it is unlikely that you will be able to find the answer to your question in a single source. You may not find any articles that directly address your question. Therefore, you need to research†¦. And I do not mean being able to use Google Like a good lawyer, you have to bring together a number of different pieces of information.On their own each piece does not mean much but hen you add them all together and YOU explain to the reader how the pieces of Information Interconnect and what the combining of all this Information demonstrates – you are creating a convincing, logical argument. Students often only use the prescribed textbook as the evidence base for their argument. The information within these is generally sound. However, business people do not make decisions based on one source of Information and neither should you.There are a number of search techniques and sources of information that will make the process of generating information easier. If it a completely new topic for you start broad and move to the specific; start with easy to read, general business writing and move to more credible but technical academic writing. If you are a visual learner In the global digital age competition between the worlds best educational institutions is increasing.

The Role of Internet Marketing within the a Modern...

Table of content Solution of Task 1†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 Solution of Task 2†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 Solution of Task 3†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 Solution of Task 3†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 Solution of Task 1 Describe the role of internet marketing has within a modern marketing context. (P1) Marketing is the method of communicating that the price of a goods or services to customer, for expected selling. It is the communicating method between a society’s demandable materials and economic pattern in exchanging money. Product, Price, Place and Promotion known as 4Ps and marketing mix. These are the base of marketing. which is†¦show more content†¦Customers can get information about products, customers can buy and sell products very easily. Internet is the perfect place of applying 4Ps. Solution of Task 2 Describe how selected organization use internet marketing. (P2) Square Hospital Ltd. is a very well-known and good service giving hospital in Bangladesh. It is a part of Square Group. They provide world class service to customers in their hospital. They have two building of 18 stories and 16 stories with 320 bed tertiary care unit. Square Hospitals Ltd. has a useful website. There has many information about hospital and their service. They always update their website with useful information so that customers can get sufficient information about their facilities. The Hospital management believe that a website increase value of an organization. For this reason they build a page that’s name is ‘About Us’, there has enough information about management. So that customers could know who operate the hospital? They are experienced or not? They are reliable or not? This information helps to increase the value of hospital in health care market. Through internet they can easily promote their hospital service in market. Solution of Task 3 Explain the benefits to customers of a business using internet marketing. (P3) An effective website for an organization is a big advantage. By an effective website an organization can marketing very strongly. InShow MoreRelatedRole Internet Marketing1165 Words   |  5 Pages Unit Unit 12 Internet Marketing in Business Assignment Title Marketing Online Issue Date Monday 10th March Hand In Date Friday 30th May Students Name Class Lecturer Neil Gow Assessment Criteria achieved P1 M1 D1 P2 M2 P3 P4 P5 P6 Learning Outcomes 1. Know what role internet marketing has within a modern marketing context 2. Understand the benefits of internet marketing to customers 3. UnderstandRead MoreWeb 3.0 Overview1432 Words   |  6 Pagestechnology influences the business community and the same is true about the new internet platform, the Web 3.0. Within the specific business context, the more notable application is revealed by the enhanced ability of the economic agents to better identify and target specific customer segments. In other words, Web 3.0 leads to an increased efficiency of the marketing processes. At the level of specific applications within the business setting, this is revealed by the companys ability to assess customerRead MoreInternet Marketing1665 Words   |  7 PagesDescribe the role internet marketing has within a modern marketing context P2 describe how selected organisations use internet marketing Internet Marketing Internet Marketing, or online marketing, refers to advertising and marketing efforts that use the web and e-mail to for direct sales, as well as sales leads from websites or emails. Today, Internet Marketing is evolving into a broader mix of components a company can use as a means of increasing sales. The benefits of internet marketing is thatRead MoreUnit 12 Assingment Brief2815 Words   |  12 PagesUnit 12: Investigating Internet Marketing Guided learning hours : 60 Teacher K. Eckmeyer Issued : February 2011 Table of content Unit abstract 3 Content 3 Learning outcomes 3 Due Dates: 3 Scenario 3 P-1 Describe what role internet marketing has within a modern marketing context 3 P-2 Describe the principal benefits of internet marketing to customers 3 M-1 Analyse the benefits of internet marketing for customers 3 D-1 Evaluate the effectiveness of internet business 3 P-3 Read MoreAn Evaluation Of Finite Duration1230 Words   |  5 Pagespolicies and practices, which should be oriented to demonstrate and transmit trust (Crosby et al., 1990; Harris and Ogbonna, 2000; Sirdeshmukh et al., 2002). 1.1.4. Communication Communication, in a organizational context, is linked to: a) communications mediated by machines, such as the internet; b) written communication, like advertising or letters; c) communications made by the company s staff, especially frontline (Ball et al., 2004). Although the construct is alone displayed, many authors, howeverRead MoreCommunication Is The Science Of Communication1066 Words   |  5 PagesCommunication is important to strive in life, as well as, in integrated marketing communication. Human communication is described as having the creativity to contribute instead of the information. Creativity can help by making more efficiently with less. In a way, an individual has a collection of discoveries at their disposal (Downs, 1298). Mass communication plays a role in design. Moreover, mass communication and its activities are influenced by cybernetics. Cybernetics is the science of communicationRead MoreBig Data For The Us American Film Industry1226 Words   |  5 PagesBe fore the advent of the Internet and social media, Hollywood executives were often wandering in the dark when it came to understand in detail what their audiences wanted and how any given film could be marketed to exactly the right audience, thus those parts of the population more inclined to spend money on a certain type of film. With the advancement of technology the tables have, however, turned. The Internet and especially social media have opened up a wealth of options to access informationRead MoreWhy A Promotional Text Succeeds Requires Understanding The Culture And Context From Which It Arises? Essay1262 Words   |  6 Pagesunderstanding the culture and context from which it arises. Discuss, supported by critical analysis of ONE text of your choice (advertisement, media statement, advertorial, etc.) Promotional texts are used to enhance a brand or communicate the benefits and associations of that brand to the public. This essay will discuss the ‘Share a Coke’ campaign for Coca Cola that was launched in Australia in the summer of 2011-2012. It highlights how the understanding of culture and context results in a successfulRead MoreEssay about Social Medias Affect on Mixed Martial Arts1686 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction In this research proposal, we aim to discuss the role social media has on the growth of Mixed Martial Arts. This study was chosen because there is no getting around the fact that social media has changed the way we communicate and interact. The biggest change is the sheer number of people using social media websites and the interaction with each other. The genre of MMA was chosen because it is a relatively new sport, but despite that, it has been gaining grave amounts of publicityRead MoreLaunching the Bmw Z3 Roadster1583 Words   |  7 PagesLAUNCHING THE BMW Z3 ROADSTER - Arnab Ganguly INTRODUCTION The case deals with the launch, of the BMW Z3 roadster, a car that revolutionized and rejuvenated the American motor industry. The BMW Z3 was the first modern mass-market roadster produced by BMW, as well as the first new BMW model assembled in the United States. The very first BMW assembled in the US was the E36/4, 318i that rolled off the Plant Spartanburg assembly line beginning in October 1994. The case talks about the successful